Sylvester Medal
Sylvester Medal | |
---|---|
Awarded for | "outstanding contributions in the field of mathematics"[1] |
Date | 1901 |
Country | United Kingdom |
Presented by | Royal Society |
Website | https://royalsociety.org/medals-and-prizes/sylvester-medal/ |
The Sylvester Medal is a bronze medal awarded by the Royal Society for the encouragement of mathematical research, and accompanied by a £1,000 prize.[2] It was named in honour of James Joseph Sylvester, the Savilian Professor of Geometry at the University of Oxford in the 1880s, and first awarded in 1901, having been suggested by a group of Sylvester's friends (primarily Raphael Meldola) after his death in 1897.[3][4] Initially awarded every three years with a prize of around £900,[3][5] the Royal Society have announced that starting in 2009 it will be awarded every two years instead, and is to be aimed at 'early to mid career stage scientist' rather than an established mathematician.[2] The award winner is chosen by the Society's A-side awards committee, which handles physical rather than biological science awards.
As of 2021[update], 45 medals have been awarded, of which all but 10 have been awarded to citizens of the United Kingdom, two to citizens of France and United States, and one medal each has been won by citizens of New Zealand, Germany, Austria, Russia, Italy, Sweden and South Africa. As of 2021[update] three women have won the medal, Mary Cartwright in 1964, Dusa McDuff in 2018, and Frances Kirwan in 2021.
List of recipients
[edit]Year | Portrait | Name | Nationality | Rationale | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1901 | Henri Poincaré | French | "For his many and important contributions to mathematical science." | [6] | |
1904 | Georg Cantor | German | "For his researches in the theories of aggregates and of sets of points of the arithmetic continuum, of transfinite numbers, and Fourier's series." | [7] | |
1907 | Wilhelm Wirtinger | Austrian | "For his contributions to the general theory of functions." | [8] | |
1910 | Henry Frederick Baker | British | "For his researches in the theory of Abelian functions and for his edition of Sylvester's 'Collected Works'" | [9] | |
1913 | James Whitbread Lee Glaisher | British | "For his mathematical researches." | [10] | |
1916 | Jean Gaston Darboux | French | "For his contributions to mathematical science." | [11] | |
1919 | Percy Alexander MacMahon | British | "For his researches in pure mathematics, especially in connection with the partition of numbers and analysis" | [12] | |
1922 | Tullio Levi-Civita | Italian | "For his researches in geometry and mechanics" | [13][14] | |
1925 | Alfred North Whitehead | British | "For his researches on the foundations of mathematics" | [15] | |
1928 | William Henry Young | British | "For his contributions to the theory of functions of a real variable" | [16][17] | |
1931 | Edmund Taylor Whittaker | British | "For his original contributions to both pure and applied mathematics" | [18] | |
1934 | Bertrand Russell | British | "For his distinguished work on the foundations of mathematics" | [19][20] | |
1937 | Augustus Edward Hough Love | British | "In recognition of his researches in classical mathematical physics" | [21] | |
1940 | Godfrey Harold Hardy | British | "For his important contributions to many branches of pure mathematics." | [22] | |
1943 | John Edensor Littlewood | British | "For his mathematical discoveries and supreme insight in the analytical theory of numbers." | [23] | |
1946 | — | George Neville Watson | British | "For his distinguished contributions to pure mathematics in the field of mathematical analysis and in particular for his work on asymptotic expansion and on general transforms. | [24] |
1949 | Louis Joel Mordell | British | "For his distinguished researches in pure mathematics, especially for his discoveries in the theory of numbers." | [25] | |
1952 | — | Abram Samoilovitch Besicovitch | Russian | "For his outstanding work on almost-periodic functions, the theory of measure and integration and many other topics of theory of functions." | [26] |
1955 | — | Edward Charles Titchmarsh | British | "For his distinguished researches on the Riemann zeta-function, analytical theory of numbers, Fourier analysis, and eigenfunction expansions." | [27] |
1958 | Max Newman | British | "for his distinguished contributions to combinatory topology, Boolean algebras and mathematical logic." | [28] | |
1961 | Philip Hall | British | "For his distinguished researches in algebra." | [29] | |
1964 | Mary Cartwright | British | "For her distinguished contributions to analysis and the theory of functions of a real and complex variable." | [30] | |
1967 | Harold Davenport | British | "For his many distinguished contributions to the theory of numbers." | [31] | |
1970 | — | George Frederick James Temple | British | "For his many distinguished contributions to applied mathematics, especially in his work on distribution theory." | [32] |
1973 | — | John William Scott Cassels | British | "For his numerous important contributions to the theory of numbers." | [33] |
1976 | David George Kendall | British | "For his many distinguished contributions to probability theory and its applications." | [34] | |
1979 | Graham Higman | British | "For his distinguished and profoundly influential contributions to the theory of finite and infinite groups. | [35] | |
1982 | John Frank Adams | British | "For his solution of several outstanding problems of algebraic topology and of the methods he invented for this purpose which have proved of prime importance in the theory of the subject." | [36] | |
1985 | John Griggs Thompson | American | "For his fundamental contributions leading to the complete classification of all finite simple groups." | [37] | |
1988 | Charles T. C. Wall | British | "For his contributions to the topology of manifolds and related topics in algebra and geometry." | [38][39] | |
1991 | Klaus Friedrich Roth | British | "For his many contributions to number theory and in particular his solution of the famous problem concerning approximating algebraic numbers by rationals." | [40][41] | |
1994 | — | Peter Whittle | New Zealander | "For his major distinctive contributions to time series analysis, to optimisation theory, and to a wide range of topics in applied probability theory and the mathematics of operational research." | [42][43] |
1997 | Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter | British Canadian |
"For his achievements in geometry, notably projective geometry, non-euclidean geometry and the analysis of spatial shapes and patterns, and for his substantial contributions to practical group-theory which pervade much modern mathematics." | [44][45] | |
2000 | Nigel James Hitchin | British | "For his important contributions to many parts of differential geometry combining this with complex geometry, integrable systems and mathematical physics interweaving the most modern ideas with the classical literature." | [46] | |
2003 | Lennart Carleson | Swedish | "For his deep and fundamental contributions to mathematics in the field of analysis and complex dynamics." | [47] | |
2006 | Peter Swinnerton-Dyer | British | "For his fundamental work in arithmetic geometry and his many contributions to the theory of ordinary differential equations." | [48][49] | |
2009 | John M. Ball | British | "For his seminal work in mechanics and nonlinear analysis and his encouragement of mathematical research in developing countries." | [50][51] | |
2010 | Graeme Segal | British | "For his highly influential and elegant work on the development of topology, geometry and quantum field theory, bridging the gap between physics and pure mathematics." | [52] | |
2012 | — | John Francis Toland | British Irish |
"For his original theorems and remarkable discoveries in nonlinear partial differential equations, including applications to water waves." | [53][54] |
2014 | Ben Green | British | "For his famous result on primes in arithmetic progression, and his subsequent proofs of a number of spectacular theorems over the last five to ten years." | [55][56] | |
2016 | Timothy Gowers | British | "For his groundbreaking results in the theory of Banach spaces, pure combinatorics, and additive number theory." | [57] | |
2018 | Dusa McDuff | British | "For leading the development of the new field of symplectic geometry and topology." | [58] | |
2019 | Peter Sarnak | American South African |
"For transformational contributions across number theory, combinatorics, analysis and geometry." | [59] | |
2020 | Bryan John Birch | British | "For driving the theory of elliptic curves, through the Birch-Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture and the theory of Heegner points." | [60] | |
2021 | Frances Kirwan | British | "For her research on quotients in algebraic geometry, including links with symplectic geometry and topology, which has had many applications." | [61] | |
2022 | Roger Heath-Brown | British | "For his many important contributions to the study of prime numbers and solutions to equations in integers." | [62] | |
2023 | Miles Reid | British | "For his exceptionally creative research and fundamental insights into higher-dimensional algebraic geometry, in particular the minimal model program for 3-folds, and for untiring work for the community of algebraic geometers." | [63] | |
2024 | Philip Maini | British | "For his contributions to mathematical biology, especially the interdisciplinary modelling of biomedical phenomena and systems." | [64] |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "The Royal Society Medals and Awards: Nomination guidance" (PDF). Royal Society. 2024. p. 6. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 April 2024. Retrieved 2 July 2024.
- ^ a b "Royal Society – Sylvester Medal". Archived from the original on 2014-10-19. Retrieved 2014-08-07.
- ^ a b "Sylvester Medal". JOC/EFR. Archived from the original on 2000-10-22. Retrieved 2008-12-07.
- ^ Cantor, Geoffrey (2004), "Creating the Royal Society's Sylvester Medal" (PDF), British Journal for the History of Science, 37 (1(132)): 75–92, doi:10.1017/S0007087403005132, MR 2128208, S2CID 143307164.
- ^ Grattan-Guinness, Ivor (1993), "The Sylvester Medal: origins, and recipients 1901–1949", Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London, 47 (1): 105–108, doi:10.1098/rsnr.1993.0009, MR 1214538, S2CID 144823754
- ^ "Notes". Nature. 65 (1672): 34–38. 14 November 1901. doi:10.1038/065034a0. eISSN 1476-4687. Archived from the original on 1 July 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
- ^ "Notes". Nature. 71 (1828): 35–39. 10 November 1904. Bibcode:1904Natur..71...35.. doi:10.1038/071035a0. eISSN 1476-4687. Archived from the original on 13 June 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
- ^ "Notes". Nature. 77 (1985): 38–42. 14 November 1907. Bibcode:1907Natur..77...38.. doi:10.1038/077038a0. eISSN 1476-4687. Archived from the original on 1 July 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
- ^ "Notes" (PDF). Nature. 85 (2141): 46–51. 10 November 1910. Bibcode:1910Natur..85...46.. doi:10.1038/085046a0. eISSN 1476-4687. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 November 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Notes". Nature. 92 (2299): 350–354. 20 November 1913. Bibcode:1913Natur..92..350.. doi:10.1038/092350a0. eISSN 1476-4687. Archived from the original on 1 July 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
- ^ "Notes". Nature. 98 (2455): 212–215. 16 November 1916. Bibcode:1916Natur..98..212.. doi:10.1038/098212a0. eISSN 1476-4687. Archived from the original on 7 June 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
- ^ "Notes". Nature. 104 (2611): 295–299. 13 November 1919. Bibcode:1919Natur.104..295.. doi:10.1038/104295a0. eISSN 1476-4687. Archived from the original on 1 July 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
- ^ "Current Topics and Events" (PDF). Nature. 110 (2768): 674–678. 18 November 1922. Bibcode:1922Natur.110R.674.. doi:10.1038/110674b0. eISSN 1476-4687. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 June 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Chemistry at the Boston Meeting of the American Association". Science. 56 (1457): 629. 1 December 1922. Bibcode:1922Sci....56..628.. doi:10.1126/science.56.1457.628. JSTOR 1648570. Archived from the original on 21 January 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Current Topics and Events" (PDF). Nature. 116 (2924): 722–725. 14 November 1925. Bibcode:1925Natur.116..722.. doi:10.1038/116722a0. eISSN 1476-4687. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 July 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "News and Views" (PDF). Nature. 122 (3080): 738–743. 10 November 1928. Bibcode:1928Natur.122R.738.. doi:10.1038/122738b0. eISSN 1476-4687. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 November 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Notes" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society. 35 (2). American Mathematical Society: 281. April 1929. doi:10.1090/S0002-9904-1929-04731-1. eISSN 1088-9485. MR 1561728. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 December 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "News and Views" (PDF). Nature. 128 (3231): 821–824. 14 November 1931. Bibcode:1931Natur.128..821.. doi:10.1038/128821a0. eISSN 1476-4687. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 July 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Medal Awards of the Royal Society" (PDF). Nature. 134 (3393): 727. 10 November 1934. Bibcode:1934Natur.134Q.727.. doi:10.1038/134727a0. eISSN 1476-4687. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 June 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Notes" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society. 41 (1). American Mathematical Society: 15–18. January 1935. doi:10.1090/S0002-9904-1935-06030-6. eISSN 1088-9485. MR 1563019. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 December 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Royal Society Medallists and Officers" (PDF). Nature. 140 (3550): 840. 13 November 1937. Bibcode:1937Natur.140Q.840.. doi:10.1038/140840a0. eISSN 1476-4687. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Royal Society Medallists" (PDF). Nature. 146 (3708): 679. 23 November 1940. Bibcode:1940Natur.146Q.679.. doi:10.1038/146679a0. eISSN 1476-4687. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 November 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Royal Society: Medal Awards" (PDF). Nature. 152 (3863): 559. 13 November 1943. Bibcode:1943Natur.152R.559.. doi:10.1038/152559b0. eISSN 1476-4687. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Royal Society – Medal Awards" (PDF). Nature. 158 (4022): 781. 30 November 1946. Bibcode:1946Natur.158R.781.. doi:10.1038/158781b0. eISSN 1476-4687. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 November 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "News and Views" (PDF). Nature. 164 (4176): 819. 12 November 1949. doi:10.1038/164819b0. eISSN 1476-4687. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 July 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Royal Society – Awards of Medals" (PDF). Nature. 170 (4333): 826. 15 November 1952. Bibcode:1952Natur.170Q.826.. doi:10.1038/170826a0. eISSN 1476-4687. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 June 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ O'Connor, J. J.; Robertson, E. F. (October 2003). "Edward Charles Titchmarsh". MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive. University of St Andrews. Archived from the original on 11 December 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Royal Society – Medal Awards". Nature. 182 (4646): 1344–1345. 15 November 1958. Bibcode:1958Natur.182R1344.. doi:10.1038/1821344b0. eISSN 1476-4687. Retrieved 1 July 2024 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ "Society's Notes". Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London. 17 (1). Royal Society: 96–99. 31 May 1962. doi:10.1098/rsnr.1962.0009. eISSN 1743-0178. JSTOR 531017. Archived from the original on 1 July 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "The Royal Society of London – Medal Awards" (PDF). Nature. 204 (4960): 728. 21 November 1964. Bibcode:1964Natur.204Q.728.. doi:10.1038/204728a0. eISSN 1476-4687. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 June 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "The Society's Notes". Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London. 23 (1). Royal Society: 105. 30 June 1968. doi:10.1098/rsnr.1968.0014. eISSN 1476-4687. JSTOR 530856. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "The Society's Notes". Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London. 26 (1). Royal Society: 113–118. 30 June 1971. doi:10.1098/rsnr.1971.0011. eISSN 1476-4687. JSTOR 531058. S2CID 202574906. Archived from the original on 7 June 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ O'Connor, J. J.; Robertson, E. F. (September 2009). "John William Scott Cassels". MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive. University of St Andrews. Archived from the original on 27 May 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Announcements". Nature. 264 (5585): 491–492. 2 December 1976. Bibcode:1976Natur.264..491.. doi:10.1038/264491a0. eISSN 1476-4687. Retrieved 1 July 2024 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ "The Society's Notes". Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London. 32 (1). Royal Society: 107–112. 31 July 1977. doi:10.1098/rsnr.1977.0009. eISSN 1476-4687. JSTOR 531768. Archived from the original on 7 June 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ Huxley, Andrew (22 January 1983). "Address of the President Sir Andrew Huxley at the Anniversary Meeting, 30 November 1982". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. 217 (1207). Royal Society: 117–128. Bibcode:1983RSPSB.217..117.. doi:10.1098/rspb.1983.0001. JSTOR 2397469. PMID 6132388. S2CID 202575411. Archived from the original on 7 June 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ Huxley, Andrew (9 June 1986). "The award of medals by the President, Sir Andrew Huxley, O.M., at the Anniversary Meeting, 30 November 1985". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. 405 (1829). Royal Society: 183. doi:10.1098/rspa.1986.0048. JSTOR 2397973. Archived from the original on 1 July 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "The Award of Medals by the President, Sir George Porter, at the Anniversary Meeting, 30 November 1988". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. 422 (1862). Royal Society: 1–6. 8 March 1989. Bibcode:1989RSPSA.422....1.. doi:10.1098/rspa.1989.0017. JSTOR 2398521. PMID 2565571. S2CID 6423882. Archived from the original on 7 June 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Royal Society News" (PDF). The London Mathematical Society Newsletter (153). London Mathematical Society: 4. September 1988. eISSN 2516-385X. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 June 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ Atiyah, Michael (31 January 1993). "Address of the President, Sir Michael Atiyah, given at the Anniversary meeting on 29 November 1991". Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London. 46 (1). Royal Society: 166. doi:10.1098/rsnr.1992.0010. JSTOR 531447. Archived from the original on 1 July 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Royal Society News" (PDF). The London Mathematical Society Newsletter (186). London Mathematical Society: 7. September 1991. eISSN 2516-385X. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 May 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ Atiyah, Michael (31 January 1995). "Address of the President, Sir Michael Atiyah, O.M., Given at the Anniversary Meeting on 30 November 1994". Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London. 49 (1). Royal Society: 148. doi:10.1098/rsnr.1995.0010. JSTOR 531890. S2CID 202575185. Archived from the original on 7 June 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Royal Society Medal" (PDF). The London Mathematical Society Newsletter (219). London Mathematical Society: 8. September 1994. eISSN 2516-385X. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 May 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Awards". Times Higher Education. 24 May 2002. ISSN 0049-3929. Archived from the original on 27 April 2019. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Coxeter Receives Sylvester Medal" (PDF). Notices of the American Mathematical Society. 44 (11). American Mathematical Society: 1479. December 1997. ISSN 0002-9920. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Sylvester Medal" (PDF). The London Mathematical Society Newsletter (288). London Mathematical Society: 2. December 2000. eISSN 2516-385X. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 June 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Sylvester Medal" (PDF). The London Mathematical Society Newsletter (318). London Mathematical Society: 8. September 2003. eISSN 2516-385X. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 March 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Sylvester Medal" (PDF). The London Mathematical Society Newsletter (356). London Mathematical Society: 13. November 2006. eISSN 2516-385X. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 March 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ Jackson, Allyn (October 2006). "Swinnerton-Dyer Receives Sylvester Medal" (PDF). Notices of the American Mathematical Society. 53 (9). American Mathematical Society: 1062. eISSN 1088-9477. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Appointments". Times Higher Education. 6 August 2009. ISSN 0049-3929. Archived from the original on 1 July 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Sylvester Medal" (PDF). The London Mathematical Society Newsletter (385). London Mathematical Society: 3. October 2009. eISSN 2516-385X. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 March 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Graeme Segal awarded the 2010 Sylvester Medal". Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford. 9 June 2010. Archived from the original on 1 July 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Professor John Toland awarded Sylvester Medal". St John's College, Cambridge. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Royal Society Sylvester Medal" (PDF). The London Mathematical Society Newsletter (417). London Mathematical Society: 9. September 2012. eISSN 2516-385X. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 March 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Ben Green wins the Sylvester medal of the Royal Society". Magdalen College, Oxford. 5 August 2014. Archived from the original on 1 July 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Green Awarded Sylvester Medal" (PDF). Notices of the American Mathematical Society. 62 (9). American Mathematical Society: 1081. October 2015. eISSN 1088-9477. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Tim Gowers receives major maths awards". Trinity College, Cambridge. 19 July 2016. Archived from the original on 1 July 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Dusa McDuff awarded Sylvester medal". International Mathematics Union. 21 July 2018. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ Fuller-Wright, Liz (23 July 2019). "Peter Sarnak wins Royal Society Sylvester Medal". Princeton University Department of Mathematics. Archived from the original on 1 July 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Bryan Birch awarded the Royal Society's Sylvester Medal for 2020". Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford. 4 August 2020. Archived from the original on 1 July 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Frances Kirwan awarded the Royal Society's Sylvester Medal for 2021". Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford. 24 August 2021. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Roger Heath-Brown awarded the Sylvester Medal". Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford. 24 August 2022. Archived from the original on 5 June 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ "Sylvester Medal awarded to Miles Reid". London Mathematical Society. 8 September 2023. Archived from the original on 30 January 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
- ^ Sylvester Medal 2024