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Parti 51

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Parti 51
LeaderHans Mercier[1]
SpokespersonSonia Vachon
FoundedAugust 11, 1989 (1989-08-11) (first incarnation)[2]
October 13, 2016 (2016-10-13) (second incarnation)[1]
DissolvedDecember 13, 1990 (1990-12-13) (first incarnation)[2]
January 14, 2024 (2024-01-14) (second incarnation)[3]
Headquarters11505, 1re avenue
Bureau 200
Saint-Georges, Quebec
G5Y 7X3[1]
Membership (2018)1,100[4]
IdeologySingle issue: Annexation of Quebec by the United States

The Parti 51 (Parti cinquante et un, pronounced [paʁti sɛ̃kɑ̃t e œ̃]) was a political party in the Canadian province of Quebec that was founded in the late 1980s under the leadership of Serge Talon. The party has proposed the separation of Quebec from Canada in order to seek admission to the United States as the 51st state of the American union. The party had no success in winning any seat in 1989 election to the National Assembly of Quebec, and in the spring of 1990, asked the Direction of Elections of Quebec to dissolve the party because it no longer had enough members to form an executive committee.[5]

In 2016, the party was relaunched by a Saint-Georges-based lawyer, Hans Mercier.[6] Becoming a state of the United States of America has been the primary purpose and goal of Parti 51 since its inception.[7]

History

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Founded in August 1989, the party was led by Serge Talon throughout its first version.[8][9]

The movement presented 11 candidates in the general election of 1989 but obtained only 3846 votes, or 0.11% of the province's vote and no deputy in the National Assembly of Quebec. The average percentage of votes obtained by their candidates compared to the eleven constituencies represents only 1.27%. The scores range from 0.66% (Vachon) to 1.98% (Orford). The party mainly targeted English-speaking constituencies, competing with the Unity Party in six constituencies.

In the spring of 1990, the organization requested its dissolution from the Chief Electoral Officer of Quebec (DGEQ), explaining that it no longer had enough members to form an executive council, it was enacted in 1991.[10]

In 2016, Saint-Georges lawyer Hans Mercier re-launched Parti 51, again calling and campaigning for the annexation of Quebec for it to become an American state.[11][8] By the time of the 2018 election, the party had an estimated 1,100 members.[4] Mercier told La Presse that the times have changed since the party's previous era, as Quebec sovereigntism has waned in popularity. Mercier argued that Americans would be welcoming of a new Quebec state, and pointed to a survey taken during the administration of George W. Bush that suggested nearly 34% of Quebecers would support joining the United States.[4] Of the various reasons and advantages argued by the party in favor of joining the United States of America, one prominent aspect has focused on economic grounds, as for instance by the early 2000s the mutual trade volume between Quebec and the US had surpassed that of Quebec and the remaining provinces of Canada combined,[12] greater autonomy and sovereignty over its own affairs as a US state, access to the US common market, as well as national security and defence, as Quebec as a US state would have its own state National Guard and fall under the umbrella and protection afforded by the federal US Armed Forces.[13]

Similar to the example of Quebec's Parti 51, additional secessionist movements and formal political parties have formed across other Canadian provinces likewise seeking statehood via admission into the United States, such as with Alberta separatism with the formation of Alberta 51.[14][15][16][17] In order to appeal to as wide a base of support as possible, Parti 51 asserts it does not hold positions on any other issues aside from the immediate goal of seceding from Canada and acceding as a state to the US.[13]

Election results

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General election # of candidates # of elected candidates % of popular vote
1989 11 0 0.11%
2018 5 0 0.03%
2022 5 0 0.02%

1989 election results

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In the 1989 Quebec general election, the most successful year for Parti 51, the party nominated 11 candidates, who won 3,846 votes, or 0.11% of the popular vote in the province. The party ran mostly in anglophone areas of the province.[4]

Results of Party 51 candidates in 1989 National Assembly of Quebec elections
District Candidate Votes Percentage
Vachon Paul Ducharme 223 0.66%
Richmond Michel Dostie 210 0.87%
Johnson Yvan Lapointe 257 0.99%
Brome-Missisquoi Jean-Guy Péloquin 269 1.08%
Sherbrooke Yvon Rivet 315 1.11%
Anjou Michel Gauthier 281 1.16%
Mégantic-Compton Edmond Trudeau 245 1.17%
LaFontaine Roger Wistaff 391 1.48%
Drummond Diane Carrier 493 1.58%
Saint-François France Bougie 568 1.97%
Orford André Perron 594 1.98%

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c "Le Directeur général des élections du Québec". Le Directeur général des élections du Québec.
  2. ^ a b "Parti 51". QuébecPolitique.com (in Canadian French). 1 August 2008. Retrieved 28 October 2017.
  3. ^ "C'est la fin pour la deuxième génération du Parti 51". mabeauce.com (in Canadian French). 15 January 2024. Retrieved 3 December 2024.
  4. ^ a b c d Guidara, Amin (27 August 2018). "Voter pour un Québec américain - La Presse+". La Presse+ (in Canadian French). La Presse. Retrieved 16 September 2018.
  5. ^ Crête, Jean. "L'année politique au Québec 1989-1990: La vie des partis" (in French). Les Presses de l'Université de Montréal. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2018-05-11.
  6. ^ "L'avocat beauceron Hans Mercier relance le Parti 51". L'Éclaireur Progrès (in French). Archived from the original on 2017-10-29. Retrieved 28 October 2017.
  7. ^ "Frequently Asked Questions | Party 51".
  8. ^ a b "Relance du Parti 51, qui prône l'annexion du Québec aux États-Unis". Le Soleil. January 12, 2017.
  9. ^ « Parti 51 » sur Québec Politique
  10. ^ « La Vie des partis » sur le site L'année politique au Québec, de l'Université de Montréal
  11. ^ "Un nouveau parti politique, le Parti 51, veut annexer le Québec aux États-Unis". Le Journal de Montréal. January 13, 2017.
  12. ^ "Is Quebec a North American Region-State?". Policy Options.
  13. ^ a b "LIVE 20 septembre 2022: Notre programme, pas de programme" (in French). 20 September 2022. Retrieved 21 September 2022 – via www.youtube.com.
  14. ^ "Alberta 51". Archived from the original on 2020-06-06.
  15. ^ "Alberta as the 51st state? | CBC.ca".
  16. ^ "LITTLEJOHN: Alberta as the 51st State isn't a crazy as you might think". 12 February 2020.
  17. ^ "51st State May Come from a Place You Might Not Expect | Appalachian Magazine".
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