1843 in literature
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This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1843.
Events
[edit]- January
- Serial publication begins of Charles Dickens' picaresque novel The Life and Adventures of Martin Chuzzlewit by Chapman & Hall in London. In the July chapters, he lands his hero in the United States.
- Edgar Allan Poe's Gothic short story "The Tell-Tale Heart" appears in The Pioneer in Boston and his poem "The Conqueror Worm" in Graham's Magazine in Philadelphia.
- February – Macmillan Publishers is founded in London by the Scottish brothers Daniel and Alexander Macmillan.
- April 4 – William Wordsworth accepts the office of Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom, after the death of Robert Southey on March 21. He is reassured that it is seen as a purely honorific position.[1]
- June 21 – Edgar Allan Poe's short story "The Gold-Bug" begins to be serialized in the Philadelphia Dollar Newspaper as the winning entry in a competition, earning Poe a $100 prize. It will be widely reprinted and adapted for theater. It popularizes cryptography.
- July – Margaret Fuller's "The Great Lawsuit. Man versus Men. Woman versus Women" appears in The Dial magazine in the United States. It will later be expanded into a book, Woman in the Nineteenth Century (1845).
- August 19 – Edgar Allan Poe's Gothic short story "The Black Cat" is first published in The Saturday Evening Post.
- August 22 – The Theatres Act in the United Kingdom ends a virtual monopoly of theatrical performances held by the patent theatres and encourages development of popular entertainment.[2]
- September – Ada Lovelace (Byron's daughter) translates and expands Menabrea's notes on Charles Babbage's analytical engine, including an algorithm for calculating a sequence of Bernoulli numbers, seen as the world's first computer program.[3][4][5]
- October – Anna Atkins begins publishing Photographs of British Algae: Cyanotype Impressions, a collection of contact printed cyanotype photograms of algae, to form the first book illustrated with photographs.[6][7][8][9]
- December 17 – Publication of Charles Dickens' novella A Christmas Carol. In Prose. Being a Ghost Story of Christmas by Chapman & Hall is made at his expense. It introduces the character Ebenezer Scrooge. Released on December 19, the first printing sells out by Christmas Eve.[10]
- Christmas – Thomas Hood's poem "The Song of the Shirt" appears in Punch.[11]
- unknown dates
- The Routledge publishing firm is founded in London by the Cumberland-born bookseller George Routledge.
- The steam-powered rotary printing press is invented by Richard March Hoe in the United States.[12]
New books
[edit]Fiction
[edit]- William Harrison Ainsworth – Windsor Castle
- Edward Bulwer-Lytton – The Last of the Barons
- James Fenimore Cooper – Le Mouchoir; an Autobiographical Romance
- Charles Dickens
- Alexandre Dumas, père – Georges[13]
- Catherine Gore – The Banker's Wife
- Léon Gozlan – Aristide Froissart[14]
- Victor Hugo – Les Burgraves
- Søren Kierkegaard – Diary of a Seducer (literary novel included in Either/Or)
- John Neal — Ruth Elder[15]
- Frederick Marryat – Monsieur Violet
- Eugène Sue – The Mysteries of Paris
- Robert Smith Surtees – Handley Cross
- Charlotte Elizabeth Tonna – Perils of the Nation
Children and young people
[edit]- Hans Christian Andersen – New Fairy Tales. First Volume. First Collection (Nye Eventyr. Første Bind. Første Samling) comprising "The Angel" ("Engelen"), "The Nightingale" ("Nattergalen"), "The Sweethearts; or, The Top and the Ball" ("Kjærestefolkene [Toppen og bolden]") and "The Ugly Duckling" ("Den grimme ælling")
Drama
[edit]- Eusebio Asquerino – Casada, vírgen y mártir
- V. A. Bhave – Sita Swayamvar
- Théophile Gautier – Un Voyage en Espagne
- Nikolai Gogol – The Gamblers
- James Sheridan Knowles – The Secretary
- W. T. Moncrieff – The Scamps of London
Poetry
[edit]- Thomas Hood – "The Song of the Shirt"
- Richard Henry Horne – Orion: an epic poem
- Edgar Allan Poe – "The Conqueror Worm"
Non-fiction
[edit]- Leon Battista Alberti – I Libri della famiglia
- Anna Atkins – Photographs of British Algae: Cyanotype Impressions
- Paul Rudolf von Bilguer – Handbuch des Schachspiels (Handbook of Chess)
- George Borrow – The Bible in Spain; or, the Journey, Adventures, and Imprisonment of an English-man in an Attempt to Circulate the Scriptures in the Peninsula
- James Braid – Neurypnology: or the Rationale of Nervous Sleep
- Thomas Carlyle – Past and Present
- Marquis de Custine – La Russie en 1839 (Russia in 1839)
- Benjamin Hall Kennedy – Elementary Latin Primer
- Søren Kierkegaard (as Johannes de Silentio) – Fear and Trembling (Frygt og Bæven)
- Thomas Babington Macaulay – Critical and Historical Essays
- Moses Margoliouth – The Fundamental Principles of Modern Judaism Investigated
- John Stuart Mill – A System of Logic
- William H. Prescott – History of the Conquest of Mexico
- John Ruskin – Modern Painters, vol. 1
- Rev. J. M. Wainwright – Book of Common Prayer (1843 illustrated version)
- Wei Yuan and others (comp.) – Illustrated Treatise on the Maritime Kingdoms (海國圖志, Hǎiguó Túzhì)
Births
[edit]- January 2 – Gabriel Compayré, French scholar and politician (died 1913)[16]
- January 14 – Hans Forssell, Swedish historian (died 1901)
- January 17 – Florence Montgomery, English novelist and children's writer (died 1923)
- January 24 – Evald Tang Kristensen, Danish author and collector of folklore (died 1929)
- January 28 – Mihkel Veske, Estonian poet and linguist (died 1890)
- February 6 – Frederic W. H. Myers, British poet (died 1901)
- February 24
- Teófilo Braga, Portuguese poet, playwright and politician (died 1924)[17]
- Violet Fane (Mary Montgomerie Lamb), English novelist, poet and essayist (died 1905)
- March 5 – Hugh Antoine d'Arcy, French writer (died 1925)[18]
- March 11 – Harald Høffding, Danish philosopher and theologian (died 1931)
- March 29 – Paul Ferrier, French dramatist and librettist (died 1920)[19]
- March 30 – Florence Ashton Marshall, English composer and conductor, biographer of Handel (died 1922)
- April 15
- Elizabeth Boynton Harbert, American author, reformer, and philanthropist (died 1915)
- Henry James, American-born fiction writer (died 1916)[20]
- April 25 – Constance Cary Harrison, American playwright and novelist (died 1920)
- April 29 – Pedro Américo, Brazilian novelist, poet, scientist, artist, essayist, philosopher, politician and professor (died 1905)
- May 3 – Edward Dowden, Irish poet and critic (died 1913)
- May 10 – Benito Pérez Galdós, Spanish novelist (died 1920)[21]
- May 12 – Thomas William Rhys Davids, British linguist and scholar (died 1922)[22]
- May 25 – Christabel Rose Coleridge, English novelist and editor (died 1921)
- June 9 – Bertha von Suttner, Austrian pacifist writer (died 1914)[23]
- June 26 – Paul Arène, French poet and author (died 1896)[24]
- July 5 – Mandell Creighton, English bishop and historian (died 1901)
- August 9 – N. D. Popescu-Popnedea, Romanian novelist, folklorist, archivist and almanac compiler (died 1921)
- September 26 – James Rice, English novelist (died 1882)
- October 25 – Gleb Uspensky, Russian writer (died 1902)[25]
- November – Lucy M. Hall, American physician and writer (died 1907)
- December 7 – Helena Nyblom, née Roed, Danish-born poet and writer of fairy tales (died 1926)
- December 10 – Isabella Fyvie Mayo, Scottish poet, novelist, and reformer (died 1914)
- December 21 – Thomas Bracken, Irish-born New Zealand poet (died 1898)
- December 23 – Ada Langworthy Collier, American author (died 1919)[26]
- December 24 – Lydia Koidula, Estonian poet (died 1886)[27]
- December 29 – Princess Elisabeth of Wied ("Carmen Sylva"), German-born queen consort and writer (died 1916)
- unknown dates
- Mary Bathurst Deane, English novelist (died 1940)
- Lillian Rozell Messenger, American poet (died 1921)[28]
Deaths
[edit]- January 11 – Francis Scott Key, American poet (born 1779)[29]
- February 10 – Richard Carlile, English writer and agitator for suffrage and freedom of the press (born 1790)
- February 22 – Mary Hays, English feminist writer (born 1759)
- March 21 – Robert Southey, English poet and Poet Laureate (born 1774)
- May 12 – Charlotte von Kalb, German writer (born 1761)
- May 19 – Charles James Apperley ("Nimrod"), English sporting writer (born 1777)
- May 28 – Noah Webster, American lexicographer (born 1758)
- June 6 – Friedrich Hölderlin, German poet, novelist, and dramatist (born 1770)[30]
- July 4 – John Basset, writer on Cornish mining (born 1791)
- July 9 – Karoline Pichler, Austrian novelist (born 1769)
- July 31 – William Thomas Lowndes, English bibliographer (born c.1798)
- August 10 – Jakob Friedrich Fries, German philosopher (born 1773)
- September 4 – Léopoldine Hugo, daughter of French novelist Victor Hugo (b. 1824)[31]
- October 21 – William Pinnock, English writer, publisher and bookseller (born 1782)
- November 25 – Ellen Pickering, English novelist (born 1801 or 1802)
- November 28 – József Ficzkó, Burgenland Croatian writer (born 1772)
- December 11 – Casimir Delavigne, French poet and dramatist (born 1793)
Awards
[edit]- Newdigate Prize – Matthew Arnold, "Cromwell"
References
[edit]- ^ Pinion, F. B. (1988). A Wordsworth Chronology. Basingstoke: Macmillan Press. p. 201. ISBN 0-333-38860-7.
- ^ Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 266–267. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ Fuegi, John; Francis, Jo (October–December 2003). "Lovelace & Babbage and the creation of the 1843 'notes'". IEEE Annals of the History of Computing. 25 (4): 16–26. doi:10.1109/MAHC.2003.1253887.
- ^ "Ada Byron, Lady Lovelace". Archived from the original on 21 July 2010. Retrieved 2010-07-11.
- ^ Menabrea, L. F. (1843). "Sketch of the Analytical Engine Invented by Charles Babbage". Scientific Memoirs. 3. Archived from the original on 13 September 2010. Retrieved 2010-10-01.
- ^ Parr, Martin; Badger, Gerry (2004). The Photobook: a history, Volume I. London: Phaidon. ISBN 0-7148-4285-0.
- ^ James, Christopher (2009). The Book of Alternative Photographic Processes (2nd ed.). Clifton Park, NY: Delmar Cengage Learning. ISBN 978-1-4180-7372-5. Retrieved 2009-08-11.
- ^ "Photography. Cyanotype photograph. Anna Atkins (1799-1871)". Seeing is Believing: 700 years of scientific and medical illustration. New York Public Library. 2001 [1843]. Retrieved 2009-08-11.
- ^ Peres, Michael R. (2007). The Focal Encyclopedia of Photography: Digital Imaging, Theory and Applications, History, and Science (4th ed.). Amsterdam; Boston: Elsevier/Focal Press. ISBN 978-0-240-80740-9.
- ^ Dickens, Charles (2006). Douglas-Fairhurst, Robert (ed.). A Christmas Carol and other Christmas Books. Oxford world's classics. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-280694-9.
- ^ Cox, Michael, ed. (2004). The Concise Oxford Chronology of English Literature. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-860634-6.
- ^ Meggs, Philip B. (1998). A History of Graphic Design (3rd ed.). Wiley. p. 147. ISBN 978-0-471-29198-5. It receives U.S. patent 5,199 in 1847 and begins commercial use in the same year.
- ^ Reed, Frank Wild (1933). A Bibliography of Alexandre Dumas père. England: J. A. Neuhuys. p. 152
- ^ Pierre Echinard et Georges Jessula, Léon Gozlan (1803–1866), coll. IMMAJ, Marseille, 2003, p. 66. ISBN 2-9519299-1-9.
- ^ Sears, Donald A. (1978). John Neal. Boston, Massachusetts: Twayne Publishers. p. 147. ISBN 080-5-7723-08.
- ^ "Gabriel COMPAYRÉ (1843 - 1913)". Assemblee nationale. Retrieved November 29, 2015.
- ^ Boléo, Maria Luísa V. de Paiva Boléo (2006). "Oito Presidentes para a História (1910–1926): Teófilo Braga (1843–1924)" (in Portuguese). Lisbon: O Leme.
- ^ Charles Edward Ellis (1910). An Authentic History of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. Charles Edward Ellis. p. 131.
- ^ Kurt Gänzl (1994). The Encyclopedia of the Musical Theatre. Schirmer Books. p. 447.
- ^ Woolf, Judith (1991). Henry James: the major novels. Cambridge New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 1. ISBN 9780521316552.
- ^ Lisa P. Condé (1990). Stages in the Development of a Feminist Consciousness in Pérez Galdós (1843-1920): A Biographical Sketch. E. Mellen Press. p. 18. ISBN 9780889463752.
- ^ Lord Chalmers (1923). "Thomas William Rhys Davids". Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland (2): 323–328. JSTOR 25210065.
- ^ "Bertha von Suttner". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 6 June 2019.
- ^ The Encyclopedia Americana, volume 5. Grolier Incorporated. 1998. p. 250.
- ^ Twayne's World Authors Series. Twayne Publishers. 1972. p. 15-17.
- ^ The Magazine of Poetry and Literary Review. 1890. p. 415.
- ^ Miljan, Toivo (2004). Historical dictionary of Estonia. Lanham, Md: Scarecrow Press. p. 285. ISBN 9780810865716.
- ^ Thomas William Herringshaw (1904). Herringshaw's Encyclopedia of American Biography of the Nineteenth Century: Accurate and Succinct Biographies of Famous Men and Women. American Publishers' Association. p. 654.
- ^ Hester Dorsey Richardson (1913). Side-lights on Maryland History: With Sketches of Early Maryland Families. Williams and Wilkins Company. p. 153.
- ^ Hölderlin, Friedrich (1988). Friedrich Hölderlin: essays and letters on theory. Albany, N.Y: State University of New York Press. p. xiv. ISBN 9780887065583.
- ^ Hugo, Victor (2004). Selected poems of Victor Hugo. Chicago, Ill. London: University of Chicago Press. p. 159. ISBN 9780226359816.