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Conejo Valley

Coordinates: 34°21′36″N 119°09′00″W / 34.36000°N 119.15000°W / 34.36000; -119.15000
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34°21′36″N 119°09′00″W / 34.36000°N 119.15000°W / 34.36000; -119.15000

Lake Sherwood with Westlake Village in distance.

The Conejo Valley (Spanish: Valle del Conejo,[1] meaning "Valley of the Rabbit") is a region spanning both southeastern Ventura County and northwestern Los Angeles County in Southern California, United States. It is located in the northwestern part of the Greater Los Angeles Area.

Communities in the Conejo Valley are Thousand Oaks, Newbury Park, Westlake Village, Oak Park, Agoura Hills, Lake Sherwood and a portion of Calabasas.[2]

Etymology

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In 1803, the Spanish land grant in the area was given the name Rancho El Conejo.[citation needed]

In Spanish, conejo means "rabbit", and refers to the rabbits common to the region,[3] specifically the desert cottontail and brush rabbit species.[4]

History

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Pre-colonial

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Reconstructed Chumash 'ap (house) at the Stagecoach Inn

The Chumash people inhabited region for thousands of years.[5] Notable Chumash villages included Satwiwa ("The Bluffs") in Newbury Park, Sap'wi ("House of Deer") in Thousand Oaks, and Hipuk in Westlake Village. Sap'wi (Šihaw Ven-632i) is located near Chumash Indian Museum in Oakbrook Regional Park. This park is also home to 4-6,000 year old pictographs, which can be observed on docent-led tours.[6][7] Satwiwa, which was first settled 13,000 years ago,[8] was located at the foothills of Mount Boney, a sacred mountain to the Chumash people.[9][10][11] The Satwiwa Native American Indian Culture Center is available for visitors.[citation needed]

Two additional Chumash villages were found by Ventu Park Road. These had a population of 100-200 in each village, and were settled around 2,000 years ago.[12][13] These former villages, known as Ven-65, Ven-260 and Ven-261, are located on private lands near Ventu Park Road in Newbury Park.[14] A smaller village, known as Yitimasɨh, was located where Wildwood Elementary School is located today.[15][16] Artifacts retrieved in nearby Wildwood Regional Park include shell beads, arrowheads, and stone tools.[17]

European exploration

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Local villagers' first contact with Europeans came in 1770. The Spanish exploratory party led by Gaspar de Portolá, returning from its journey up the coast as far as San Francisco, entered the valley from the northwest. On the outward bound journey, the explorers had traveled up the Los Angeles River, then north to Castaic Junction, then followed the Santa Clara River back down to the coast. On the return trip, they sought a shorter route to the San Fernando Valley, and were guided by natives up and over the Conejo Grade. Franciscan missionary Juan Crespi kept a diary of the expedition, and gave Conejo Valley one name that survives today – Triunfo (Spanish for "triumph").[18] Crespi gave the name El triunfo del Dulcísimo Nombre de Jesús (in English: The Triumph of the Sweetest Name of Jesus) to a camping place by a creek – today's Triunfo Canyon Road begins between Thousand Oaks and Westlake Village.

Later, explorer Juan Bautista de Anza used Portolá's shortcut on his way north in 1774, mentioning in his diary a stop at "El Triunfo".[19] On de Anza's second expedition (1775–76), diarist Father Pedro Font referred to "many watering places, like those of El Triunfo and Los Conejos".[20]

Ranching

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Harold and Edwin Janss purchased ten thousand acres (40 km²) of land of what is now central Thousand Oaks from the heir of John Edwards, who had purchased the land from the de la Guerra heirs (all of the land was originally a portion of the Rancho El Conejo land grant) in 1910. A ranch, named the Janss Conejo Ranch, was utilized as a farm and to raise thoroughbred horses with the Santa Susanna Mountains and Simi Hills framing it. Television Westerns such as The Rifleman, Gunsmoke, and Bonanza were filmed in Janss Conejo between the 1950s and 1960s. It was also used as the filming locations for Disney's Davy Crockett, King of the Wild Frontier and Westward Ho, the Wagons! both starring Fess Parker.[citation needed]

Geography

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Conejo Valley seen on a physiographical map of Ventura County.

Conejo Valley is a 900-foot-high (270 m) valley.[21][22] The area is bordered by the San Fernando Valley and the city of Los Angeles to the east, Simi Hills to the north, Las Posas Hills and the Santa Rosa Valley to the northwest, Conejo Mountain (also known as Conejo Hills) and Oxnard Plain to the west, and the Santa Monica Mountains to the south. The valley is located in the Santa Monica Mountains on an elevated area.[citation needed]

Panorama of Conejo Valley from Rabbit Hill, Newbury Park.

Economy

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The largest non-retail employers in the Conejo Valley include Amgen, the Conejo Valley Unified School District, Los Robles Regional Medical Center, Anthem Blue Cross, California Lutheran University, Shire Biotechnology, Skyworks Solutions, PennyMac Mortgage and Sage Publications.[23] Other notable employers include Jafra Cosmetics, Teledyne, J.D. Power, Dole Food Company, Guitar Center, Bank of America and Teradyne.[citation needed]

Media

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The Ventura County Star is a daily newspaper published in Camarillo, California and serves all of Ventura County, including the Conejo Valley.[citation needed]

The Acorn is a local weekly newspaper covering Agoura Hills, Hidden Hills, Oak Park, North Ranch and Calabasas, while Thousand Oaks Acorn covers the cities of Thousand Oaks, Newbury Park and Westlake Village.[24]

Radio

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KCLU is the only public radio station in Ventura County.[25][26]

Tourism

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The Oaks is visited by over 5 million each year as of 2002.[27]
Waterfall at Gardens of the World.

In 2013 the Conejo Valley Tourism Improvement District (CVTID) was formed by the cities of Thousand Oaks and Agoura Hills.[28] CVTID is a non-profit corporation that markets Conejo Valley as a Tourist Destination.[29] Conejo Valley's two largest tourist attractions are the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library in Simi Valley and the Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area.[citation needed]

Points of interest

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Adelante Comunidad Conejo[dead link]
  2. ^ Colantuono, Michael G. (City Attorney) (March 22, 2005). "New Housing Legislation (SB 699, SB 1102, SB 1777, AB 2158, AB 2348)" (PDF). City of Calabasas. p. 2. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 25, 2017. Retrieved May 8, 2014. ...such as those for the Conejo Valley subregion in which the City is located
  3. ^ Nelson, Frank (July 6, 2008). "Conejo Oaks: An animal oasis". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved June 14, 2009.
  4. ^ City of Thousand Oaks (July 2, 1996), Conservation of the Thousand Oaks General Plan, p. 51, archived from the original (PDF) on June 21, 2010, retrieved June 14, 2009
  5. ^ Cultural Resources Documentation | Appendix 6.5 | St. John's Specific Plan (PDF) (Report). City of Camarillo. 2017. p. 3. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 12, 2019.
  6. ^ Sprankling, Miriam and Ruthanne Begun (2006). Historical Tour of the Conejo Valley. Newbury Park, CA: Conejo Valley Historical Society. Page 14. ISBN 0-9725233-4-0.
  7. ^ Maxwell, Thomas J. (1982). The Temescals of Arroyo Conejo. California Lutheran College. Pages 58-59.
  8. ^ Bangs, Ray and Chris Becker (2004). 52 Great Weekend Escapes in Southern California. Globe Pequot. Page 55. ISBN 9780762730834.
  9. ^ Riedel, Allen (2008). 100 Classic Hikes in Southern California: San Bernardino National Forest, Angeles National Forest, Santa Lucia Mountains, Big Sur and the Sierras. The Mountaineers Books. Page 118. ISBN 9781594851254.
  10. ^ Mallarach, Josep-Maria and Thymio Papayannis (2007). Protected Areas and Spirituality. Island Press. Page 109. ISBN 9782831710235.
  11. ^ Riedel, Allen (2011). Best Easy Day Hikes Conejo Valley. Rowman & Littlefield. Page 21. ISBN 9780762765812.
  12. ^ Bidwell, Carol A. (1989). The Conejo Valley: Old and New Frontiers. Windsor Publications. Page 13. ISBN 9780897812993.
  13. ^ Casey, Lynda (1984). The Story of the Conejo Valley: The Westlake Chumash Indians. Westlake Research Committee. Page 5.
  14. ^ Maxwell, Thomas J. (1982). The Temescals of Arroyo Conejo. California Lutheran College. Page 137. Library of Congress Catalog Number 82-072788.
  15. ^ Maxwell, Thomas J. (1982). The Temescals of Arroyo Conejo. California Lutheran College. Page 93.
  16. ^ Sprankling, Miriam (2002). Discovering the Story of The Conejo Valley. Newbury Park, CA: Conejo Valley Historical Society. Page 9. ISBN 0-9725233-0-8.
  17. ^ Palmer, Norma E. (1994). Santa Barbara & Ventura Counties. Automobile Club of Southern California. Page 176. ISBN 9781564131867.
  18. ^ Bolton, Herbert E. (1927). Fray Juan Crespi: Missionary Explorer on the Pacific Coast, 1769-1774. HathiTrust Digital Library. p. 267. Retrieved March 1, 2014.
  19. ^ Bolton, Herbert E. (1930). Anza's California Expeditions, Volume II. Internet Archive. p. 102. Retrieved March 1, 2014.
  20. ^ Bolton, Herbert E. (1930). Anza's California Expeditions, Volume IV. pp. 247. Retrieved March 1, 2014 – via Internet Archive.
  21. ^ Tuttle, Tom (1988). Ventura County Companion. EZ Nature Books. Page 13. ISBN 9780945092025.
  22. ^ Triem, Judith P. (1985). Ventura County: Land of Good Fortune: An Illustrated History. Windsor Publications. Page 114. ISBN 9780897811569.
  23. ^ "Major Employers | Thousand Oaks, CA". www.toaks.org. Retrieved December 28, 2018.
  24. ^ "Changes made at Acorn Newspapers". Thousand Oaks Acorn. January 6, 2005.
  25. ^ Oram, Fern A. (2006). MBA Programs 2007 (Peterson's MBA Programs). Peterson's. Page 62. ISBN 978-0768921618.
  26. ^ "KCLU expands to Santa Barbara". www.vcstar.com.
  27. ^ Baker, Pam and Jim Dunham (2002). Thousand Oaks and Westlake Village. Community Communications, Incorporated. Page 107. ISBN 9781581920611.
  28. ^ "Creation of the Conejo Valley Tourism Improvement District". City Manager Staff Report. City of Thousand Oaks. Archived from the original on May 6, 2016. Retrieved November 11, 2015.
  29. ^ Conejo Valley Tourism Improvement District, Conejo Valley Tourism Improvement District (CVTID) Public Documents
  30. ^ "Catching up with one of city's grandest architects". Thousand Oaks Acorn. October 9, 2014.
  31. ^ "Paramount Ranch - Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area (U.S. National Park Service)". www.nps.gov.
  32. ^ Tuttle, Tom (1988). Ventura County Companion. EZ Nature Books. Page 67. ISBN 9780945092025.
  33. ^ "3 New Leases Signed at Mall". Los Angeles Times. May 19, 1992.
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